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FBR - File Backup / Restore
Version 1.8
July 1992
(c) Copyright Vernon D. Buerg 1985-92
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FBR is a copyrighted work and may not be distributed without
permission.
FBR - File Backup / Restore
Notice
------
This is a development test release of FBR. Use these
programs at your own risk. Although they have been
extensively tested, I take no responsiblity for any
losses.
NOT PUBLIC DOMAIN
-----------------
This document and the FBR programs are the personal property
of:
Vernon D. Buerg
139 White Oak Circle
Petaluma, CA 94952
BBS: (707) 778-8944
(707) 778-8841
(415) 994-2944
FAX: (707) 769-5479
Compuserve: 70007,1212 (Go IBMHW)
FBR is distributed by me for your personal use. You may not
charge for distributing FBR. Commercial use of FBR requires a
Commercial Distribution License from me. Corporations and
institutions may not use FBR without first obtaining a site
license.
Please let me know of any problems, criticisms, or suggestions.
Thank you.
FBR - File Backup/Restore Contents
Table of Contents
-----------------
Introduction ............................... 1
FB - File backup ........................... 2
Backup examples .......................... 3
FR - File restore .......................... 4
Restore examples ......................... 5
FS - File status ........................... 6
FLH - FBR's Little Helper .................. 7
Operational notes .......................... 8
Version history ............................ 9
FBR - File Backup / Restore Page 1
Introduction
------------
FBR is a system of four small programs which perform the backing
up and restoring of files. They are similar to the DOS
BACKUP/RESTORE utilities except that FBR can currently only
process one directory at a time, or all directories on one
drive. It does, however, back up all files in a directory,
filling as many backup disks as necessary. The FBR backup and
restore programs can select files based upon 30 file
specifications.
Programs
--------
The FBR system consists of these files:
FB.COM - used to back up files
FR.COM - used to restore FBR files
FS.COM - to report on contents of FBR files
FLH.COM - FBR's Little Helper for multiple directories
FBR.DOC - this document
It is recommended that the FR.COM program be copied to the
first diskette of each backup. This will insure that the
restore program is the correct one for restoring the files.
The file name may include a version number, e.g. FB177.COM
instead of FB.COM for the backup program.
FBR - File Backup / Restore Page 2
Backup - FB Command
-------------------
To back up files in a directory, use the FB.COM program.
FB [d:][\path][filespec] [filespec...] [/D] [/M] [/2] [/C] [/V] [/Z] [t:]
At least one command line operand must be supplied. The /Z option
tells FB to compress the files, resulting in fewer backup disks
depending on the kind of data in the files. You can expect compression
of 15 to 20% for text files, and no compression of binary or
program files.
If the first d: (drive) operand is supplied, it specifies the
drive, and/or path, and/or a file specification for the files to
be backed up. Only files matching the 'filespec' are processed.
More than one 'filespec' may be supplied. Separate each file
specification by a blank or a comma.
The IBMDOS.COM, IBMBIO.COM, MSDOS.SYS, and IO.SYS files are
ignored.
The 't:' operand specifies the target drive.
The /D operand specifies that all files on the target disk be
deleted before files are backed up to it.
The /M operand specifies that only modified files are to be
backed up, i.e. archive bit not set.
The /2 operand specifies that the target drive is to alternate
from either B to A, or from A to B. This allows backups to
continue while changing floppy diskettes.
The /C operand specifies that the archive bit for each file
copied should be reset.
The /V operand specifies that the DOS verify function should be
used. This results in slower I/O but perhaps more peace of
mind.
As each file is processed, a message is displayed telling you
the name of the file that has been copied. You may abort the
back-up by pressing ESCape or control-C.
When a backup drive fills, you are asked to ready another
diskette and to press any key. To cancel the backup at this
point, press the ESCape key. The state of the copied files is
unpredictable if you cancel the back up.
FBR - File Backup / Restore Page 3
Backup Examples:
---------------
o If the current drive is C: and the current directory
is \ME, then to backup all of the C:\ME files
onto two alternating drives, issue the following:
FB /2 -or- FB C:\ME\*.* /2 B:
o To backup only files with an extension of COM or EXE:
FB *.COM *.EXE
o Backup two files from a directory on drive D, and delete
any files already on the backup diskette:
FB d:\subdir\file1.ext file2.ext b: /D
FBR - File Backup / Restore Page 4
Restore - FR Command
--------------------
To restore files backed up by FB, use the FR.COM program.
FR [d:][\path] [filespec...] [/2] [/R] [/U] [/N] [/V] [/Q] [/Td:\path]
The 'd:' operand specifies the drive which contains the FBR
files from FB. If omitted, drive A is used.
The \path operand identifies the FBR file to use for the
restore. If omitted, the first FBR file found is used.
Up to 30 "filespec" parameters may be supplied. Only those
files which match one of the "filespecs" are restored.
The '/2' operand specifies that two drives are to be used for
restoring files. The request for readying drives alternates
from B to A, or from A to B.
The '/V' option specifies that the system verify option is to be
set on. Otherwise, verify is set off to improve speed.
The '/R' option specifies that any existing copies of the files
be over-written. If omitted, you will be asked whether or not
an existing file may be replaced. This is the fastest method
of restoring files.
The '/U' option specifies that only new files from the backup
set be restored. A new file is one that does not already exist
in the target directory, or one that has a later file date and
time.
The '/N' option specifies that the prompt to ready the first
input disk be skipped.
If you ready the wrong FBR disk, the program asks again for the
same disk number again. Press ESCape or ctrl-C to abort.
Use the /Q switch to disbale beeps and bells.
The '/Td:\path' parameter specifies the destination drive
and directory for the restored files. If omitted, the
the current drive and directory are used.
As each file is restored, a message is displayed telling you the
name of the file. As a backup disk becomes completely read, you
are asked to ready another. You may press the ESCape or
control-C at any time to cancel the restore operation. All
files except the last one are valid.
If the target disk runs out of space, the restore stops and the
last file may be unusable.
FBR - File Backup / Restore Page 5
Each restored file has the same or later date, and the same file
attribute as the original (backup copy) of the file. Existing
files are over-written if the /R option is used, or if the
backup copy of the file is newer and the /U option is used.
FR Examples:
-----------
o To restore the files from an FBR disk(s) in
drive B, use the following:
FR B:
o Restore the subdirectory TEST which has an FBR file
name of @TEST@@@.#01
FR a:\test
o To restore only files with an extension of COM or EXE:
that are newer:
FR *.COM *.EXE /U
o To restore the files to drive D in the directory WORK:
FR /Td:\work
FBR - File Backup / Restore Page 6
Status - FS Command
-------------------
To determine the names of files backed up into FBR file(s), and
on which diskette they reside, use the FS.COM program.
FS [d:][pathname] [filespec] [/N]
The single operand 'd:' specifies the drive which contains the
FBR file(s). If omitted, drive A is assumed.
If no 'pathname' is supplied, the directories for all FBR files
on the disk are displayed. Otherwise, only those FBR files
which match the pathname are shown.
Up to 30 file specifications may be supplied. If omitted, all
FBR file entries are displayed. If supplied, only those entries
that match one of the filespecs is displayed.
It is not necessary to use the first disk of FBR files for FS to
display file status information. The LAST diskette contains the
most accurate data regarding which diskettes that files are on.
If the 'Disk Pos' is given as '?', the diskette numbers are
estimates.
For each file backed up by FB, one line of information is
displayed. This includes the file name, create date, file size,
file attributes, and the diskette number. The files are
displayed in alphabetical order unless the /N option is used,
then the files are listed in the physical order in which they
were backed up.
If a file starts on one disk and ends on another, two volume
numbers are displayed, e.g. 01 02.
When the screen fills, the message "more..." is displayed. You
may enter ESCape or control-C, or the letter N to abort and
return to DOS.
FBR - File Backup / Restore Page 7
FBR's Little Helper - FLH
-------------------------
The FB backup program normally processes only one directory at
a time. To allow backing up all directories on one drive, the
FLH program must be used. It has the same syntax as the FB
command. FLH runs the FB program for each directory on the
specified drive.
FLH s:[\path] [t:] [options]
The options supplied on the command line are passed to the FB
program.
FBR - File Backup / Restore Page 8
Operational Notes
-----------------
The FB backup program creates one file in the root directory
of each disk that it uses.
The filename is of the form '@ppppppp.#nn',
where 'nn' is a sequential volume number beginning with 01;
and 'ppppppp' is the name of the origin directory. For root
directories, the name also contains the drive letter.
For example, '@ROOTC@@.#01' is the first backup file for
the root directory of the disk from drive C.
FB may not scratch the target disk. It will use whatever space
is available for making its backup copies and ask for another
disk as needed. Because the FBR filenames are taken from the
the origin directory name, more than directory may be backed up
onto one diskette.
FB requires about 64K of memory but will use all available
memory if it needs to for storing directory information.
FR restores files to the current drive and subdirectory. This
is intentional as it yields more flexibility.
I've noticed that FBR is about twice as fast as BACKUP, and that
the /2 option for using two drives is very helpful. The amount
of disk space is about the same.
The FBR files may reside on any type of disk supported by the
operating system. That is, a floppy diskette may be backed up
to a fixed disk, if so desired.
Since the FBR files are unique on any disk (or subdirectory)
there is no reason why they can not be sQueezed or ARCed for
transporting to other systems. For example, an entire floppy
disk of files will most likely produce one FBR file that can be
compressed and then transmitted.
More?
-----
FBR was written to satisfy my personal method of backup. I'm
sure there are much better methods and programs, but FBR is
cheap (free for personal use), and it's easy for me to use. I
don't use it for all my backup procedures, but it has saved me
more than once.
Future enhancements will allow processing all subdirectories in
the current directory, formatting of the target disks, and the
ability to add files to an existing FBR file.
FBR - File Backup / Restore Page 9
Version History
---------------
1.0 - October 28, 1985
1.1 - October 30, 1985
- added /C and /V options to FB
- subdirectory and IBMxxx.COM entries are excluded
from the FBR files to save some space
- fixed the ESCape (or ctrl-C) response to abort FB
- changed FS to show two disk numbers for files which
span volumes
1.2 - October 31, 1985
1.3 - November 12, 1985
- the table at the beginning of each FBR file now contains
the actual diskette number for each file, this makes
this version incompatibile with previous versions, so
it's a good idea to place FR.COM on each FBR disk.
- FS now lists the file alphabetically, and if the last
disk is used, the diskette numbers are accurate; otherwise
the diskette number is calculated and may not be correct.
- the FBR file name was changed to allow multiple directories
to be backed up onto one disk; this also provides more
information about what the FBR file contains.
- the ESCape key can be used at any time during FB to abort
the backup.
1.4 - December 7, 1985
- FB may selectively back up files
- FR may selectively restore files
- FS processes all FBR files on the specified drive
- the ESCape and control-C keys may be used at any
time to abort an FBR program; control-break is not
accepted
1.45 - January 25, 1986
- correct path syntax for FR
1.47 - February 2, 1986
- corrections to FR for multiple volumes
1.49 - February 16, 1986
- corrections to FR for large files spanning two disks
- add path operand to FS
- remove BIOS specific display routines from FS
1.50 - March 13, 1986
- corrections to FR for selective file restore
- add display options to FS
1.53 - May 21, 1986
- add /D option to FB to delete files on target disks
- exclude MSDOS.SYS and IO.SYS
- change FB to process files in ascending size order
FBR - File Backup / Restore Page 10
Version History (cont'd)
---------------
1.54 - June 14, 1986
- add /V, /R and /U options to FR
- display file names 5-up in FR
- make FB smaller
1.55 - April 7, 1987
- correct problem with cross-linked clusters using /D
- correct problems supplying filespecs to FB
1.58 - July 30, 1987
- FB: improve performance writing to target drive
1.60 - Aug 1, 1987
- FB: add display of file count, total bytes, and
count of disks required
- FB: improve file selection routines
1.61 - Aug 4, 1987
- FS: add filespec command line option
- FR: replace file selection routines
- FR: correct abort if wrong disk mounted
- FR: correct restore of file after replying Y to
"already exitts" message
1.62 - Nov 11, 1987
- FR: correct drive letter in mount message
- FR: correct problem using 'd:\path' in command not
using correct fbr filename
1.63 - Mar 20, 1988
- FR: correct problem restoring from multiple disks
1.73 - Mar 31, 1989
- FB: added /Z option to compress files
**** - version 1.7 is not compatible with earlier versions *******
1.74 - Apr 7, 1989
- FB: added SHARE capabilty which allows you to back up
open files that are SHARED
1.76 - Oct 10, 1989 - corrections to compression routines
1.80 - Jul 9, 1991
- FR: add /N and /T options
- FB: improve compress algorithm
1.81 - Jun 1, 1992 - FR: correct selective restore
1.82 - Jul 7, 1992 - FB: correct file position for multi volumes